The Survey of Shift work, Sleep and Health (SUSSH)

The survey of shift work sleep and health (SUSSH) among nurses started in 2008. A cohort consisting of almost 3000 nurses have since that time, yearly completed a comprehensive questionnaire. The main aim of the study is to examine how nurses’ health develops over time, especially in association with different types of work schedules.

Publications:

2023

Bjorvatn, B., Waage, S., Djupedal, I.L.R., Blytt, K.M., Harris, A., Vedaa, Ø., Pallesen, S. Hva sier vitenskapen om sykepleieres helse? Her er en oppsummering. Sykepleien, 2023.

Hiestand S, Forthun I, Waage S, Pallesen S, Bjorvatn B. Associations between excessive fatigue and pain, sleep, mental-health and work factors in Norwegian nurses. PLoS One. 2023 Apr 4;18(4):e0282734.

2022

Forthun I, Waage S, Pallesen S, Moen BE, Bjorvatn B. Sleep medication and melatonin use among Norwegian nurses - A cross-sectional study. Nurs Open. 2022 Jan;9(1):233-244.

Forthun I, Waage S, Pallesen S, Moen BE, Bjorvatn B. A shift to something better? A longitudinal study of work schedule and prescribed sleep medication use in nurses. Occup Environ Med. 2022 Jun 20;79(11):752–7.

Forthun, I, Waage, S, Pallesen, S, Moen, BE, Bjorvatn, B. Sykepleiere sover dårlig og bruker stadig mer sovemedisiner. Sykepleien 2022;110(89419):e-89419.

Blytt KM, Bjorvatn B, Moen BE, Pallesen S, Harris A, Waage S. The association between shift work disorder and turnover intention among nurses. BMC Nursing 2022 Jun 6;21(1):143.

Djupedal ILR, Pallesen S, Harris A, Waage S, Bjorvatn B, Vedaa Ø. Changes in the Work Schedule of Nurses Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Relationship with Sleep and Turnover Intention. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jul 17;19(14):8682.

2021

Thun E, Waage S, Bjorvatn B, Moen BE, Vedaa Ø, Blytt KM, Pallesen S. Short sleep duration and high exposure to quick returns are associated with impaired everyday memory in shift workers. Nurs Outlook. 2021 May-Jun;69(3):293-301. doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2020.09.008. Epub 2020 Oct 27. PMID: 33127075.

Waage S, Pallesen S, Moen BE, Vedaa Ø, Thun E, Vikanes Buchvold H, Blytt KM, Harris A, Bjorvatn B. Changes in work schedule affect the prevalence of shift work disorder among Norwegian nurses - a two year follow-up study. Chronobiol Int. 2021 Jun;38(6):924-932. doi: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1896535. Epub 2021 Mar 18. PMID: 33736559.

Pallesen S, Thun E, Waage S, Vedaa Ø, Harris A, Blytt KM, Kaur P, Bjorvatn B. Stability and Change of the Personality Traits Languidity and Flexibility in a Sample of Nurses: A 7-8 Years Follow-Up Study. Front Psychol. 2021 Jul 29;12:652569. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.652569. PMID: 34393891.

Waage S, Pallesen S, Vedaa Ø, Buchvold H, Blytt KM, Harris A, Bjorvatn B. Sleep patterns among Norwegian nurses between the first and second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Nurs. 2021 Jun 21;20(1):105. doi: 10.1186/s12912-021-00628-w. PMID: 34154585.

2020

Pallesen S, Bjorvatn B, Moe BE, Thun E, Waage S. Slik påvirker skiftarbeid sykepleieres søvn og helse. Sykepleien 2020;108(80147):e-80147

Vedaa Ø, Harris A, Waage S, Bjorvatn B, Thun E, Buchvold HV, Djupedal ILR, Pallesen S. A longitudinal study on the association between quick returns and occupational accidents. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2020 Nov 1;46(6):645-649. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.3906. Epub 2020 Jul 7. PMID: 32632456.

Matre D, Nilsen KB, Katsifaraki M, Waage S, Pallesen S, Bjorvatn B. Pain complaints are associated with quick returns and insomnia among Norwegian nurses, but do not differ between shift workers and day only workers. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2020 Apr;93(3):291-299. doi: 10.1007/s00420-019-01481-w. Epub 2019 Nov 5. PMID: 31691014.

Hamre KV, Einarsen SV, Hoprekstad ØL, Pallesen S, Bjorvatn B, Waage S, Moen BE, Harris A. Accumulated Long-Term Exposure to Workplace Bullying Impairs Psychological Hardiness: A Five-Year Longitudinal Study among Nurses. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Apr 10;17(7):2587. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17072587. PMID: 32290042.

Bjorvatn B, Axelsson J, Pallesen S, Waage S, Vedaa Ø, Blytt KM, Buchvold HV, Moen BE, Thun E. The Association Between Shift Work and Immunological Biomarkers in Nurses. Front Public Health. 2020 Sep 14;8:415. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00415. PMID: 33042933.

2019:

Vedaa O, Harris A, Erevik EK, Waage S, Bjorvatn B, Sivertsen B, et al. Short rest between shifts (quick returns) and night work is associated with work-related accidents. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health. 2019;92(6):829–35.

Sørengaard TA, Karlsen HR, Langvik E, Pallesen S, Bjorvatn B, Waage S, et al. Insomnia as a partial mediator of the relationship between personality and future symptoms of anxiety and depression among nurses. Front. Psychol. 2019;10:artikkel nr. 901.

Waage S, Pallesen S, Moen BE, Bjorvatn B. Restless Legs Syndrome/Willis-Ekbom Disease is prevalent in working nurses, but seems not to be associated with shift work schedules. Front. Neurol. 2018;9:artikkel nr. 21.

Buchvold HV, Pallesen S, Waage S, Moen BE, Bjorvatn B. Shift Work and Lifestyle Factors: A 6-Year Follow-Up Study Among Nurses. Front Public Health. 2019 Oct 16;7:281. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2019.00281. PMID: 31750282.

2018

Waage S, Pallesen S, Moen BE, Bjorvatn B. Restless Legs Syndrome/Willis-Ekbom Disease is prevalent in working nurses, but seems not to be associated with shift work schedules. Frontiers in Neurology 2018.

Buchvold HV, Pallesen S, Waage S, Bjorvatn B. Shift work schedule and night work load. Effects on body mass index – a four-year longitudinal study. Scand J Work Environ  Health 2018. 

Andreassen CS, Pallesen S, Moen BE, Bjorvatn B, Waage S, Schaufeli WB. Workaholism and negative work-related incidents among nurses. Industrial Health 2018. 

Bjorvatn B, Pallesen S, Moen BE, Waage S, Kristoffersen ES. Migraine, tension-type headache and medication-overuse headache in a large population of shift working nurses - a cross-sectional study in Norway. BMJ Open 2018.

Waage S, Moen BE, Pallesen S, Bjorvatn B. Ti år med SUSSH: Skiftarbeid, søvn og helse blant norske sykepleiere. Sykepleien.no, 2018 

2017

Andreassen CS, Bakker AB, Bjorvatn B, Moen BE, Magerøy N, Shimazu A, Hetland J, Pallesen S. Working conditions and individual differences are weakly associated with workaholism: A 2-3-year prospective study of shift-working nurses. Frontiers in Psychology 2017; 8: 2045.

Buchvold HV, Pallesen S, Waage S, Bjorvatn B. Shift work schedule and night work load: effects on BMI – a four year longitudinal study. Scandinavian Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine 2017.

Reknes I, Notelaers G, Magerøy N, Pallesen S, Bjorvatn B, Moen BE, Einarsen S. Aggression from patients or next of kin and exposure to bullying behaviors: a conglomerate experience? Nursing Research and Practice 2017, 1502854. 

Roelen CAM, van Hoffen MFA, Waage S, Schaufeli WB, Twisk JWR, Bjorvatn B, Moen BE, Pallesen S. Psychosocial work environment     and mental health-related long-term sickness absence among nurses. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 2017.

Thun E, Pallesen S, Waage S, Reknes I, Moen BE, Bjorvatn B. Skiftarbeid, søvn og helse blant sykepleiere. Sykepleien forskning 2017.

2016

Andreassen CS, Bjorvatn B, Moen BE, Waage S, Magerøy N, Pallesen S. A longitudinal study of the relationship between the five-factor model of personality and workaholism. TPM in Applied Psychology 2016; 23(3): 285-298.

Reknes I, Einarsen S, Pallesen S, Bjorvatn B, Moen BE, Magerøy N. Exposure to bullying behaviors at work and subsequent symptoms of anxiety: the moderating role of individual coping style. Industrial health 2016; 54(5), 421-43.

Saksvik-Lehouillier I, Bjorvatn B, Magerøy N, Pallesen S. Hardiness, psychosocial factors and shift work tolerance among nurses. A two year follow-up study. Journal of Advanced Nursing 2016; 72: 1800-1812.

Thun E, Le Hellard S, Osland T, Bjorvatn B, Moen BE, Magerøy N, Steen V, Giddaluru Brattbakk H-R, Pallesen S. Circadian clock gene variants and insomnia, sleepiness, and shift work disorder. Sleep and Biological Rhythms 2016,14:55-62.

Thun E, Bjorvatn B, Åkerstedt T, Moen BE, Waage S, Molde H, Pallesen S. Trajectories of sleepiness and insomnia symptoms in Norwegian nurses with and without night work and rotational work. Chronobiology International 2016, 33(5):480-9.

Vedaa Ø, Krossbakken E, Grimsrud ID, Bjorvatn B, Sivertsen B, Magerøy N, Einarsen S, Pallesen S. Prospective study of predictors and consequences of insomnia: personality,   lifestyle, mental health and work-related stressors. Sleep Medicine 2016, 20:51-58.

Waage S, Thun E, Reknes I, Moen BE, Magerøy N, Pallesen S, Bjorvatn B. Nattarbeid påvirker ikke menstruasjonen. Sykepleien 2016, 9: 44-46.

2015

Berthelsen M, Pallesen S, Magerøy N, Tyssen R, Bjorvatn B, Moen BE, Knardahl S. Effects of Psychological and Social Factors in Shiftwork on Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression in Nurses- A 1-Year Follow-Up. JOEM 2015, 57(10): 1127-1137.

Bjorvatn B, Magerøy N, Moen BE, Pallesen S, Waage S. Parasomnias are more frequent in shift workers than in day workers. Chronobiology International 2015, 32(10): 1352-8. 

Buchvold H, Pallesen S, Øyane N, Bjorvatn B. Night work among nurses. Effects on BMI, alcohol consumption, smoking, caffeine consumption, and exercise habits. A cross sectional study. BMC Public Health 2015, Nov 12:15(1):1112

Moen BE, Baste V, Morken T, Alsaker K, Pallesen S, Bjorvatn B. Menstrual characteristicsand night work among nurses. Industrial health 2015, 53(4):354-60.

Roelen CAM, Heymans MW, Twisk JWR, Laaksonen M, Pallesen S, Magerøy N, Moen BE, Bjorvatn B. Health measures in prediction models for high sickness absence: single item self-rated health versus multi-item SF-12. European Journal of Public Health 2015, 25:668-672.

Roelen CAM, Heymans MW, Thun E, Reknes I, Laaksonen M, Magerøy N, Twisk JWR, Bjorvatn B, Pallesen S, Moen BE. Predictive value of the SF-12 for sickness absence due to mental, musculoskeletal, and other somatic sickness disorders. J Occup Environ Med 2015, Oct;57(10):1113-8.

Saksvik-lehouillier, I, Pallesen, S, Bjorvatn, B, Magerøy, N and Folkard, S. Towards more comprehensive definition of shift work tolerance. Ind Health 2015, 5;53(1):69-77.

Waage S, Thun E, Reknes I, Moen BE, Magerøy N, Pallesen S, Bjorvatn B. For få timer mellom vaktene påvirker søvn og helse. Sykepleien 2015,103 (10):58 60.

2014

Flo E, Pallesen S, Moen BE, Waage S and Bjorvatn B. Short rest periods between work shifts predict sleep and health problems in nurses at 1-year follow-up. Occup Environ Med 2014, 71:555-561.

Kunst JR, Løset GK, Hosøy D, Bjorvatn B, Moen BE, Magerøy N, et al. The relationship between shift work schedules and spillover in a sample of nurses. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics 2014, 20: 3-11.

Lien TF, Pallesen S, Bjorvatn B, Moen BE. Skiftarbeid og sykefravær blant sykepleiere. Sykepleien Forskning 2014, 9: 350-356.

Moen BE, Waage S, Ronda E, Magerøy N, Pallesen S, Bjorvatn B. Spontaneous Abortions and Shift Work in a Cohort of Nurses in Norway. Occup Med Health Aff 2014, 2:160.

Reknes I, Pallesen S, Magerøy N, Einarsen S, Moen BE & Bjorvatn B. Exposure to bullying behaviors as a predictor of mental health problems among Norwegian nurses: results from the prospective SUSSH-survey. International journal of nursing studies 2014, 51 (3), 479–487.

Reknes I, Bjorvatn B, Einarsen S, Pallesen S, Magerøy N, Thun E & Moen E. Nye funn om turnusarbeid. Sykepleien 2014, nr. 07.

Roelen CAM, Heymans MW, Twisk JWR, van Rhenen W, Pallesen S, Bjorvatn B, Moen BE, Magerøy N. Updating and prospective validation of a prognostic model for high sickness absence. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 2014, March 25.

Roelen C, van Rhenen W, Schaufeli W, van der Klink J, Magerøy N, Moen B, Bjorvatn B, Pallesen S. Mental and physical health-related functioning mediates between psychological job demands and sickness absence among nurses. J Adv Nurs 2014, 70(8): 1780-92.

Thun E, Bjorvatn B, Torsheim T, Moen BE, Magerøy N, Pallesen S. Night work and symptoms of anxiety and depression among nurses: A longitudinal study. Work and stress 2014, 28:376-386.

Waage S, Pallesen S, Moen E, Magerøy N, Flo E, Di Milia L, Bjorvatn B. Predictors of shift work disorder among nurses: a longitudinal study. Sleep Med 2014, 15(12):1449-55.

2013

Di Milia L, Waage S, Pallesen S, Bjorvatn B. Shift work disorder in a random population sample – prevalence and comorbidities. PloS ONE 2013, 8(1):e55306.

Eldevik MF, Flo E, Moen BE, Pallesen S, Bjorvatn B. Insomnia, excessive sleepiness, excessive fatigue, anxiety, depression and shift work disorder in nurses having less than 11 hours in-between shifts. PloS One 2013, 8: e70882.

Flo E, Magerøy N, Moen BE, Pallesen S, Bjorvatn B. Skiftarbeid gir søvnproblemer. Sykepleien 2013, 3: 68-69.

Flo E, Pallesen S, Åkerstedt T, Magerøy N, Moen BE, Grønli J, Nordhus IH, Bjorvatn B. Shift work related sleep problems vary according to work schedule. Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2013, 70: 238-245.

Roelen CAM, Magerøy N, van Rhenen W, Groothoff JW, van der Klink JJL, Pallesen S, Bjorvatn B, Moen BE. Low job satisfaction does not identify nurses at risk of future sickness absence: results from a Norwegian cohort study. International Journal of Nursing Studies 2013, 50: 366-373. 

Roelen CAM, Bültmann U, Groothoff JW, van Rhenen W, Magerøy N, Moen BE, Pallesen S, Bjorvatn B. Physical and mental fatigue as predictors of sickness absence among Norwegian nurses. RINAH 2013, 36: 453-465.

Saksvik-Lehouillier I, Bjorvatn B, Hetland H, Sandal GM, Moen BE, Magerøy N, et al. Individual, situational and lifestyle factors related to shift work tolerance among nurses who are new to and experienced in night work. Journal of Advanced Nursing 2013, 69(5):1136-46.

Storemark SS, Fossum IN, Bjorvatn B, Moen BE, Flo E, Pallesen S. Personality factors predict sleep-related shift work tolerance in different shifts at 2-year follow-up: a prospective study. BMJ Open 2013, 3:e003696.

Thun E, Bjorvatn B, Moen BE, Magerøy N, Flo E, Pallesen S. Robuste og aktive sykepleiere tåler skiftarbeid. Sykepleien 2013, 101: 44-46.

Vedaa Ø, Bjorvatn B, Magerøy N, Thun E, Pallesen S. Longitudinal predictors of changes in the morningness-eveningness personality among Norwegian nurses. Personality and Individual Differences 2013, 55:152-156.

Warpe H, Bjorvatn B, Waage S, Hovlid E, Pallesen S. Vet lite om helsefarene ved turnusarbeid. Sykepleien 2013, 11: 54-57.

Øyane N, Pallesen S, Moen BE, Åkerstedt T, Bjorvatn B. Associations between night work and anxiety, depression, insomnia, sleepiness and fatigue in a sample of Norwegian nurses. PLoS One 2013, 8: e70228.

2012

Flo E, Bjorvatn B, Folkard S, Moen BE, Grønli J, Nordhus IH, Pallesen S. A Reliability and validity study of the Bergen Shift Work Sleep Questionnaire in nurses working three-shift rotations. Chronobiology International 2012,9(7).

Flo E, Pallesen S, Magerøy N, Moen BE, Grønli J, Nordhus IH, Bjorvatn B. Shift Work Disorder in Nurses – Assessment, Prevalence and Related Health Problems. PloS ONE 2012, 7(4), e33981.

Saksvik-Lehouillier, I, Bjorvatn B, Hetland H, Sandal GM, Moen BE, Magerøy N, et al. Personality factors predicting changes in shift work tolerance: A longitudinal study among nurses working rotating shifts. Work & Stress 2012, 26(2), 143-160.

Schreuder, JAH, Roelen CAM, Groothoff JW, van der Klink JJL, Magerøy N, Pallesen S, et al. Coping styles relate to health and work environment of Norwegian and Dutch hospital nurses: A comparative study. Nursing Outlook 2012, 60(1):37-43.

2011

Flo E, Magerøy N, Moen BE, Pallesen S, Bjorvatn B. Nattarbeid gir helseproblemer. Sykepleien 2011, 13: 70-72.

Natvik S, Bjorvatn B, Moen BE, Magerøy N, Sivertsen B, & Pallesen S. Personality factors related to shift work tolerance in two- and three-shift workers. Appl Ergo 2011, 42(5), 719-724.